Wednesday, June 29, 2005


The President of India, Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, in one of the speech during the opening ceremony of International Institute of Information Technology in the University city of Pune, India said "We were discussing the future challenges in information technology, including the issues related to software security, I made a point that we look for open-source codes so that we can easily introduce the users built security algorithms. Our discussions became difficult, since our views were different." This was the in the context to the conversation he had with the Microsoft Chairman Bill Gates.


Microsoft has become an increasingly harsh critic of the open-source model, in which the underlying code for software is freely shared for users to modify and distribute, saying the approach is risky and undermines innovation. The open-source Linux operating system has become a growing threat to the dominance of Microsoft's Windows.


Kalam said open-source software offers developing nations such as India the best opportunity to modernize.

"The most unfortunate thing is that India still seems to believe in proprietary solutions," he said in the speech. "Further spread of IT, which is influencing the daily life of individuals, would have a devastating effect on the lives of society due to any small shift in the business practice involving these proprietary solutions. It is precisely for these reasons open-source software needs to be built, which would be cost-effective for the entire society. In India, open-source code software will have to come and stay in a big way for the benefit of our billion people."



Tuesday, June 28, 2005



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Laptop vs Desktop

Laptop computers, on the other hand, are small, battery-powered, lightweight (1-3 kg) and ideal for those who require portability, such as business people who travel or university students who could then easily move from a dorm room to a library to a lecture hall to a cafe. With a DVD player, laptops can also be used as portable entertainment systems.

Desktop computers usually come with a vertical chassis, referred to as a tower, which typically sits on the floor under a desk. A monitor, keyboard, mouse and speakers are all attached to the tower separately.

Unlike a desktop setup, all accessories are integrated into the laptop (mouse, keyboard, speakers, etc) but external ones may be attached, as well. The prices for these accessories are about the same for both laptop and desktop PCs.


Similarities

Any computer - desktop or laptop - has the following basic components.

* Processor (the main engine of the computer)

* Memory (where the software 'brains' of the computer as well as data are stored - as long as the computer is powered ON)

* Mass Storage (where user files, application software, etc. are stored permanently - meaning, they are there regardless of whether the computer is ON or OFF)

* Removable storage (used to transfer files in and out of the computer on a need basis)

Differences

The difference really is in the way each of these components is designed and implemented. The constraints placed in the implementation of these components in a laptop are driven by the most desired characteristics, which are:

* It should be small - smaller the better.

* It should be light - lighter the better.

* It should be powered by a battery.

* The battery should last a long time. After all, who wants a laptop that would not run even for 5 minutes without needing to be plugged into a power outlet.

* It should not generate too much heat - you don't want to burn your lap, would you?

* It should allow the user to use floppy disks or CDs or other forms of 'removable' media so that files can be transferred in and out of the computer.

Conclusion

The above components are packed together in a laptop tighter than in a desktop, making laptops less rugged than desktops from a physical handling standpoint.

Surprisingly, most laptops available in the market these days offer just about all the above.


Cost Evaluation

Desktop computers are less expensive than laptop computers. The price difference is because a laptop's components are much smaller, usually more expensive to manufacture, and more time-consuming to build into the final product. Prices range from Rs. 45,000 for entry-level ones to over Rs. 1.5 lakh for snazzier versions.